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Math Functions and When to Use them

My 12 year old knows how to add, subtract, multiply, and divide, but he’s having trouble recognizing when to choose each function. (This is troublesome when doing those dreaded word problems. Given this problem: “Jamie wants to buy a toy car. She earns 5 cents for every bottle she collects. How many bottles must she collect before she has enough to buy the $3.67 car?”, rather than solve the problem, he will first suggest that Jamie ought to get a real job.) In calculating the area of triangles and rectangles, he has trouble knowing what function to use AND remembering the formula for each problem.

Can anyone recommend a game that is 1) fun and 2) encourages players to figure out HOW to solve a problem before doing they do the calculations? I can’t recall ever seeing anything like this. Maybe I’ll have to invent it.

piseco said,

September 21, 2007 @ 4:41 pm

I don’t know of any game that does what you’re looking for, though I don’t have a copy of Peggy Kaye’s Games for Math on hand - there may be something in that book.

One easy (but maybe not so high on the fun scale) game would be simply to make a trivia-style game using word problems as the questions, and where the *answer* would be not the solution to the problem but the correct function you would need to use. That would simply require you to copy down / print out word problems from a variety of sources with the proper operation noted on the back of each one. The board or theme could be anything you like - any type of “collect the pieces” or “race to the end” board.

Another idea that pops to mind would require more work on your end, but you could tailor word problems so that if he chooses the wrong operation, there’s a silly response on the back (”Jamie miscalculated the number of bottles, and cut her hand trying to make the .62 part of a bottle! Move back three spaces.”).

Or, what about this? You could make a bunch of word problem cards each with a character (like a collectible card game in feel) or an object as the card’s title - the people or objects featuring in the word problem. Each card would have a point value, maybe chosen by you depending on how hard you think it is to figure out what operation to use?

Then, each person playing (you and your 12 yo) would get a hand of maybe 12 of these cards, and the timer gets set for maybe 5 minutes. (You’d have to play a few times to get the right hand size and time limit to make the game hard but doable.) Each player has to split their characters into four teams: one for each operation, trying to get each card on the correct team. You could have a big mat in the middle of the playing area with the four operation symbols on it, and each player lays the cards down in front of the operation they believe matches the problem on that card.

When the timer goes off, each operation is revealed, one by one. On the backs of the cards there will be a small symbol for the correct operation. Only cards that have the + symbol on the back count for the addition team - then you add the points on your addition team and the team with the greatest total wins the addition battle. Resolve the battles for each operation and find a winner.

This could be tweaked to fit whatever theme or current interest your 12 yo has…

Robin said,

September 22, 2007 @ 3:10 am

I like the idea Piseco had of a card game where you read the word problem on the front and the function is on the back. You could take it anywhere. And the good thing about it is that it doesn’t include the annoying time factor of actually figuring out the problem. You could even have multi-function problems.

Meg said,

September 22, 2007 @ 3:27 am

I don’t have a game suggestion, but Girl also struggled with this for a lot longer than I thought she should.

I finally had her start the problem by underlining the words that she thought told her what operations needed to be done. Then we’d discuss her word choices and what they meant. It helped her focus on what the statements were saying for instructions and not get distracted thinking about ‘they should get a real job.’

Once she started connecting common words to operations, she had a system to approach the problems.

carrie said,

September 22, 2007 @ 5:56 am

My daughter had trouble with this, too, so I started having her write out all of the equations that could be made with the information. The equation that ended with X as the answer was the equation she needed to use. Here’s a simple for instance:

Matt had 36 pencils. His friend gave him some more pencils, and then he had 72 pencils. How many pencils did his friend give him?

So, I’d have her write 36 + X = 72
X + 36 = 72
72 - X = 36
72 - 36 = X

Once she saw them like that, she knew which equation to use. It works with multiplication vs. division, too. After a while of writing out all possible equations, she was then able to figure it out after simply reading the problem.

tribeofautodidacts said,

September 22, 2007 @ 6:40 am

It looks like you’ve gotten some terrific suggestions! I don’t really have anything to add.

With my kids, I try to keep their understanding of math concepts ahead of their computation ability (the opposite of the schools’ approach.) For example, we talk about “real life” questions or story problems, and I encourage them to figure out *how* to solve it (for example, “you have to divide.”) I tell them not to worry about *how* to solve it yet (for example, if the child doesn’t know how to do long division yet). Understanding *how it works* is more important.

Dana said,

September 22, 2007 @ 9:13 pm

“Get a real job.” That is funny.

Maybe you could start by letting him make up his own problems? I don’t know, just a thought. He is a bit old for the games I know so I am not much help. But there is a nice four step program that is not a game but works well, I think.

It is just a method of solving math problems which you may already be using more or less. If you want, I can try to come up with it and email you. Just let me know.

Miranda said,

September 23, 2007 @ 1:27 pm

Not a game, but a little trick that I use when I’m confronted by a problem that I can’t quite conceptualize. I reduce the numbers to ridiculously small ones that I can visualize and manipulate easily in my head, and work out the answer. Then I tease apart the relationship between the easy starting numbers and the solution to figure out what I’ve done intuitively and put what I’ve learned back into the original problem. For instance, taking your example above. You could instead pencil in alternate numbers and read your ds the problem as follows:

“Jamie wants to buy a toy car. Every time he collects a bottle he earns 2 cents. The car costs 6 cents. How many bottles will he have to collect to make enough money to buy the car?”

… he’d probably say “three” without hesitation. If that’s indeed his response, you then say “You’re brilliant! Now, what operation fits with what you did in your head?” If he doesn’t know, you can prompt him with “Start with six and two. What operation on those numbers gives you an answer of three? Are the six and the two added, subtracted, multiplied or divided to get three?”

Once he’s recognized that he intuitively divided the numbers, go back to the original problem and use division. Obviously he’ll have to deal with the remainder, or the fraction or decimal, and figure out what to do with that. (You can’t collect 0.6 of a bottle and make three cents.) But it sounds like he’s struggling with coming up with the initial conceptualization of the problem, and I wonder if simplifying the numbers and solving might help him with that.

paradisefound said,

September 23, 2007 @ 5:05 pm

Hooboy. Start talking math and you guys come out of the woodwork! Thanks to everyone for your great ideas. Piseco, I appreciate the length you went to to share your ideas! You’ve all inspired me to step back a bit (something HE doesn’t like to do) and look at the whole picture. Carrie, I think writing down each possibility will help him. It’s definitely a matter of him not knowing which function to use, rather than actually being able to do the function (which he does fairly well). Miranda your “intuitive” comment is right on target. This child can do amazing math in his head, but put the same problem on paper and it’s too abstract for him.

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